Automated dermatoscopic pattern discovery by clustering neural network output for human-computer interaction
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Background: As available medical image datasets increase in size, it becomes infeasible for clinicians to review content manually for knowledge extraction. The objective of this study was to create an automated clustering resulting in human-interpretable pattern discovery. Methods: Images from the public HAM10000 dataset, including 7 common pigmented skin lesion diagnoses, were tiled into 29420 tiles and clustered via k-means using neural network-extracted image features. The final number of clusters per diagnosis was chosen by either the elbow method or a compactness metric balancing intra-lesion variance and cluster numbers. The amount of resulting non-informative clusters, defined as those containing less than six image tiles, was compared between the two methods. Results: Applying k-means, the optimal elbow cutoff resulted in a mean of 24.7 (95 (95 by the compactness metric, resulted in significantly fewer clusters (13.4; 95 p=0.017). The majority of clusters (93.6 manually mapped to previously described dermatoscopic diagnostic patterns. Conclusions: Automatically constraining unsupervised clustering can produce an automated extraction of diagnostically relevant and human-interpretable clusters of visual patterns from a large image dataset.
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